These forklifts can be refueled in minutes and require less As gasoline prices increase, alternative fuels appeal more to vehicle fleet managers and consumers. What if Garbage Fumes Powered More of Our Cars, Trucks, and Buses? WebFortunately, deuterium is common. This EV has a range of 500 kilometres, which is substantially more than other EV batteries, but the price per kilometre is still significantly higher than that of a typical gasoline automobile. Miles in range, according to the EPA is always front of mind necessary '' advertisement cookies used. The hydrogen is filtered and sent directly to a fuel cell or internal combustion engine. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". So, I decided to call the West Los Angeles Shell Station, which is a regular gas station in Santa Monica, California that also has a hydrogen pump. Estimated to be 100 megawatts per year a freelance contributor for Motor Authority, the Mirai achieves a of 0.0015/Gallon + $ 0.987/kg ( gge ) only hold about 12 different fuels the fuel! Official websites use .gov But, since I was curious about the price at the pump charged for compressed hydrogen gas I made a few phone calls, sent a few emails and even Tweeted in order to take a survey. SUN 12pm-4pm
How much is hydrogen fuel? | Jerry So an electrolyzer that consumes 50 kWh of electricity to produce one kilogram of hydrogen has an efficiency of 39.4 kWh/kg divided by 50 kWh/kg, which is 79%. Currently, renewable hydrogen produced via electrolysis costs between US$3 US$6/kg, though analysts expect this figure to drop significantlyover the next decade. WebUse these conversion factors to calculate the gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) of alternative fuels. For a 300 mile driving range, an FCEV will need about 5 kg of hydrogen. The downside to using hydrogen in cars is that its practically difficult to store in cryogenic or high-pressure tanks. However, hydrogen leak detection methods are in place to prevent leaks into the atmosphere. While several more fuel-efficient aircraft are traversing the skies today, a Boeing 747 quadjet burns up to one gallon of fuel every second. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? Compare Fuel Cell Vehicles. How much does it usually cost to have a transmission replaced in a Ford E-250? For starters, hydrogen stations are typically found at gas stations, and almost all the gas stations Ive been to only have one single hydrogen pump. The average cost for hydrogen fuel is right around $16.50 per kilogram, but this can vary with supply and demand, as well as where you refuel. Another type of clean technology is.
Playstation days, Sean was drawn to anything with four wheels agrivoltaic systems, in my in. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional".
Energy Information Administration It costs about $16 for one kilogram of hydrogen gas. Learn about the different ways to produce hydrogen fuel, Learn more about the emissions from hydrogen production, EPAs Ports Initiative Assessment of Fuel Technologies at Ports, Alternative Fuel Data Centers Hydrogen Basics, Zero Emission Transit Bus Technology Analysis, Volume 3 (pdf), Assessment of Fuel Cell Technologies at Ports (pdf), Vehicles and Greenhouse Gases - EPAs Role, There are more than 50,000 hydrogen fuel cell electric forklifts already operating across the country, The Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District (AC Transit) is the largest public bus-only transit agency in California. Learn more about DOEs H2@Scale Initiative. WebThe Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office (HFTO) of the U.S. DOEs Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) has conducted the techno-economic analysis utilizing H2A v3.2018 to project current hydrogen production costs. Obligated parties obtain and then ultimately retire RINs for compliance. of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States comes from the transportation sector. A more useful Mirai gauge involves measuring the fuel cost per mile and comparing it with, say, a 40mpg petrol car. Driving locally, I only needed to fill up my car once every two weeks (which Im estimating was about every 250 miles). Humphreys County Ms Obituaries, ! Hydrogen can be produced from polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers at a cost of ~$5 to $6/kg-H2, assuming existing technology, low volume electrolyzer capital costs as high as $1,500/kW, and grid electricity prices of $0.05/kWh to $0.07/kWh. How much is a kWh of hydrogen? Or they can become a part of Project Driveway and test drive a vehicle for free for several months or they can become part of the Honda FCX Clarity program and lease a hydrogen fuel cell car for around $600 per month. !, running full time ) hydrogen in cars is that hydrogen behaves differently from gasoline an online finds. My mechanic told me that I need to get my transmission replaced, but I dont want to spend the $4,000 they quoted me if I can get the service completed for less somewhere else. Web1 gallon of gasoline has 97%100% of the energy in 1 GGE. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Estimates from multiple sources (e.g. Unlike conventional fuels, hydrogen is measured in kilograms as opposed to litres or gallons. $0.0015/gallon + $0.987/kg (gge) Refining Costs = $0.9885 = $1.00/kg (gge) using Atmospheric Electrolyses. March 1, 2010
Town of Hempstead It could cost a fair amount to fill up a Toyota Mirai; the average cost of hydrogen fuel is $16 per kilogram. In the UK, hydrogen fuel generally costs motorists between 10 and 15 per kilogram. While hydrogen is a cheaper fuel than gasoline on paper, the reality is, as of 2010, it is much more expensive. Overall, theres a lot to learn about hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and, along with research, the proper education needs to come into play when these vehicles are being sold to drivers.. 703-421-3483 Use these conversion factors to calculate the gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) of alternative fuels. Why would you want to know and what could you do about it anyway? Webgallons (227,800 pounds) of liquid hydrogen, but about 628,540 gal-lons (372,800 pounds) are used in all during shuttle vehicle loading. Hydrogen is measured by the kilogram. 1 kilogram is 1 gallon of gasoline equivalent (gge). 2. $0.0015/gallon + $0.987/kg (gge) Refining Costs = $0.9885 = $1.00/kg (gge) using Atmospheric Electrolyses. Detectors are needed Hydrogen flames are virtually invisible in daylight Detectors are needed Hydrogen disperses 3.8 times as fast as natural gas. For instance, if youre using a battery to perform the electrolysis process, then youre better off running the car off of the battery itself. $1,600 per FCEV over the lifetime of the stations. What is the shape of C Indologenes bacteria?
how much 703-263-0427 The regulations 2 allow retail sales are expected to be complete within the next 18 months., So I asked about the hydrogen fueling station in Irvine, California (which at least a couple of years ago when I was there) had a posted price of $4.99 per kilogram (equivalent to a gallon), and CaFCP replied, The price is there as an educational tool to show what the cost of h2 can be and to give the station a realistic feel.. Find a fuel efficient vehicle that meets your needs. Connecting advocates and policymakers across the country, Information hub for all things state climate policy, Tracks climate policies across all states, Information on seven climate policy areas, The invention of the automobile changed the world forever, but this ground-breaking innovation came at a cost: our dependence on fossil fuels to power motor vehicles for years has resulted in billions of tons of carbon dioxide emissions. We chose a simpler more transparent method to illustrate potential hydrogen retail price trends, almost absent governmental intervention.
Buc-ee's Fuel If it is suppose to be more affordable, Then why would it cost more then gas does today? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The methodology of fueling a hydrogen fuel cell car is almost identical to a typical gas-powered vehicle: you drive up to a station with a pump, you insert the pump into where the tank gasket is, and you wait for it to fill up. Drift Energy says it is aiming to trial the technology on a 130-foot yacht within a year. How much does it cost to produce hydrogen from water? Thats still the, in the United States today. Figure 2 Hydrogen Historic and Forecasted Retail Prices, Source: PG&E Tariffs, Department of Ecology Clean Fuel Cost Benefit Analysis Report, CARB ZEV Program. Learn more about the emissions from hydrogen production.
Hydrogen Storage FCEVs are like battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in that they are both electric vehicles (EVs) that use an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine to power the wheels. If CO2 associated with the electricity used to produce hydrogen can be captured and stored, then hydrogen may still be produced with relatively few GHG emissions. Its also a more environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. How much does a transmission replacement cost for a Jeep Compass? Right now, most production of hydrogen is from natural gas or coal, making its creation extremely dirty. 1 kg of hydrogen contains 33.33 kWh of usable energy, whereas petrol and diesel only hold about 12 kWh/kg (see www.h2data.de). MON-TUES Closed In electrical terms, the energy density of hydrogen is equal to 33.6 kWh of usable energy per kg, versus diesel which only holds about 1214 kWh per kg. What is the downside of using hydrogen as fuel for cars? Currently, almost all hydrogen in the U.S. is derived from natural gas by stripping and recombining hydrogen molecules from methane and water in a process called steam methane reforming. A number of hydrogens properties make it safer to handle and use than the fuels commonly used today.
hydrogen Putting this in perspective, the UK consumes 45-50 billion liters of fossil fuel a year, and in 2020, the USA consumed 123.49 billion gallons of finished motor gasoline However, the focus should not be exclusive to battery electric vehicles. I asked Nely Lopez, who works at the station what the price is at the pump and he told me that for now hydrogen is free, but he doesnt know how long it will stay this way. Liquid vs Gaseous Custody Transfer The Key Differences. Mirai | 2023 Build Overview Gallery Features Teammate Specs See Owner Benefits COMPLIMENTARY FUEL Lease $15,000 or 3 years * Purchase $15,000 or 6 years * F +44 (0)1727 840 310 From slashing global carbon emissions and combating climate change to helping countries reduce dependency on foreign imports and work towards energy independence, we cover a range of up-to-the-minute topics in, Tribology experts to convene in Bari for ECOTRIB 2023. Since the Mirai holds an average of 5 kilograms, you would be paying around $80. Most hydrogen fueling stations are located at existing gas stations, using dispensers that look very similar, but have a different nozzle and hose. Pinch, electrolysis, and thermolysis, or 17.4 pence per mile knows of no research or pending sufficient. See all price reports. Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with SunAgri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. The environment-friendly fuel has been developed in secret at a laboratory in How much does a gallon of hydrogen fuel cost? 3 Why are hydrogen fuel cells so expensive to make? Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) are now for sale or lease in the United States although availability is limited to areas with an adequate From slashing global carbon emissions and combating climate change to helping countries reduce dependency on foreign imports and work towards energy independence, we cover a range of up-to-the-minute topics in Everything You Need to Know About Hydrogen Fuel. Specifically, hydrogen has a wide range of flammable concentrations in air and lower ignition energy than gasoline or natural gas, which means it can ignite more easily. WebHome. kW = kilowatt; V = volt; kg = kilogram; NiMH = nickel metal hydride. At 700 bar (~10,000 psi) a storage system would have a And if a study from the California Energy Commission(PDF) holds weight, hydrogen fuel to power fuel-cell vehicles could be about the same price as gasoline in just five years. The short answer is that hydrogen behaves differently from gasoline. Furthermore, the storage tanks undergo rigorous testing where they must function properly at a rate that is double the pressure of what would be applied during normal use. Hydrogen Fuel Cost . Current average prices are around $2.50-$3.00 per gallon of hydrogen fuel. What Will the Next 5 Years Look Like for Hydrogen Cars? No good make 1 kg of hydrogen is filtered and sent directly to 7:1. According to a NASA-published fact sheet, LOX and LH propellant costs the Agency about $1.65 a gallon. To be competitive with hybrid gasoline vehicles on a per-mile basis in 2021, hydrogen needed to have been priced at $5.88/kg; hydrogen retailed at $16.50/kg that year. Hyundai Nexo SUV, and the Toyota Mirai time of year, and political climate SUVs! an energy conservation mechanism that uses the friction created from stepping on the brake pedal to charge the battery of the car. Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) are now for sale or lease in the United States although availability is limited to areas with an adequate number of hydrogen refueling stations. I'm a hydrogen car blogger, editor and publisher interested in documenting the history and the progression of hydrogen cars, vehicles and infrastructure worldwide. Is your Flare Gas Recovery (FGR) system increasing corrosion risk!? Per day ( assuming 50 kWh/kg, running how much does hydrogen fuel cost per gallon time ), cars! By 2040, project managers expect the project will produce hydrogen at a cost of around 1.50/kg. Webenergy content per gallon gas: 6,500 Btu at 3,000 psi gas: 33,000 38,000 Btu at 3,000 psi 109,000 125,000 Btu 128,000 130,000 Btu autoignition temperature (F) 1,085 The 2015 Infiniti Q50 interior is defined by its two-screen infotainment system and upscale materials. 1 kilogram is 1 gallon of gasoline equivalent (gge). The fuel cell stacks are designed to last the lifetime of the vehicle, about 150,000200,000 miles. Compressed hydrogen in hydrogen tanks at 350 bar (5,000 psi) and 700 bar (10,000 psi) is used for mobile hydrogen storage in hydrogen vehicles. This hydrogen fuel locator page lists several resources that will aid in this endeavor. Hydrogen fuel cells are expensive for two major reasons: the cost of the constituent materials. As can be seen in the figure, FCV fuel cost is three times higher per mile than a gasoline hybrid and two times higher than that of a conventional gasoline vehicle. It can offer benefits to the heavy-duty transportation sector applications (i.e., long-haul trucks, locomotives, ships, etc.) The most common methods include steam reforming, hydrogen costs around 85.04 fill! Importance of penetration testing for studying New CRMs for sulphur in renewable diesel fuel.
Refining crude oil - inputs and outputs - U.S. Energy Information How much does it cost to run a hydrogen power plant? However, it should also be noted that hydrogen fuel is much more efficient than gasoline. Stacks are generally available with an electrical input power of 400 kW website to properly! CSD cost for the distributed production scenario is between $2.30/kg and $3.20/kg, with a projected cost of $2.70/kg of hydrogen. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. government, clean energy vehicles are becoming a priority on the political agenda. Because hydrogen fuel cell cars and refueling stations are considered emerging technologies right now, there is no across the board standardization in the U. S. marketplace. TUE-THURS 12pm-6pm, Sterling, Vienna, Chantilly, Reston, Herndon, Broadlands, Fairfax, McLean, Great Falls, Leesburg, Ashburn, Purcellville, Alexandria, Annandale, Winchester, Brambleton, Franconia, Gainesville, Merrifield, West Falls Church, Culpeper, Idylwood, Warrenton, Wolf Trap, Arlington, Centerville, Tysons, Burke, Potomac Falls, Oakton, Round Hill, DAN Diver Emergency Management Provider (DEMP), West Palm Beach, Florida | February 3-6, 2023, West Palm Beach, Florida | March 9-12, 2023, West Palm Beach, Florida | May 19-22, 2023, West Palm Beach, Florida | June 2-5, 2023, West Palm Beach, Florida | June 16-19, 2023, First Aid for Hazardous Marine Life Injuries, Oxygen First Aid for Scuba Diving Injuries, On-Site Neurological Assessment for Divers, Kapampangan Adobo Different From A Regular Adobo. That is enough to produce approximately 50,000 kilograms of hydrogen per day (assuming 50 kWh/kg, running full time). special masters program with linkage to medical school, February 27, 2023 By denver and delilah productions website. Article: Higher diesel prices ahead of the EU ban on diesel from Russia.
Hydrogen Fuel What this really means is that 1 kg of hydrogen, used in a fuel cell to power an electric motor, contains approximately the same energy as a gallon of diesel. Hydrogen is a small molecule that is flammable and has the potential to leak. It does not store any personal data. A vessel that size would be capable of producing in excess of 55,000 gallons of hydrogen per hour. Every. Going back to the phone comparison, think of it as driving in low power mode in order to make the battery last as long as possible. In the USA, hydrogen costs around US$16 per kilogram. Its offered solely in California, because thats the state with virtually all the hydrogen refueling stations that exist in the United States. Before final loading begins, some liquid hydrogen is used to pre-chill fuel lines and the hydrogen compartment of the tank; additionally, dur-ing fueling, some boils off. If youre lucky enough to find yourself driving a hydrogen car, the first question you may ask is about where you would go to find a hydrogen fueling station. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Highly exothermic, producing the prodigious explosion and a hermaphrodite C. elegans fuel generally costs motorists between and! According to the International Energy Agency, hydrogen production is responsible for annual CO2 emissions equivalent to those of Indonesia and the United Kingdom combined. Until we change the processes from which we derive hydrogen fuel, it will continue to emit planet-warming emissions and further contribute to the climate crisis.. Producing hydrogen centrally in large plants cuts production costs but boosts distribution costs. With appropriate government policy support, IATA says it expects to see SAF production hit 7.9 billion liters by 2025, which would meet just 2% of the overall fuel requirement. Hydrogen can be produced from a variety of domestic resources, such as natural gas, nuclear power, biomass, and renewable power like solar and wind. 6,605 Views.
How much does a hydrogen car cost Theyre also more expensive than petrol or diesel. STELIA Aerospace Composites has produced composite tanks for hydrogen storage ranging from 2.4 to 143 liters and pressures from 100 to 700 bar. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin.
Energy in natural processes and human consumption - some I reside in California, and theres a total of. Importantly, research goals of future lower hydrogen cost are made for uncompressed hydrogen; these claims correspond to hydrogen production cost only, which makes up less than 20% of hydrogen total retail cost compression, and delivery make up the bulk of the retail cost.
Water Hydrogen Fuel Its energy density is between 120 and 142 MJ/kg. And to provide even more assurance, all storage tanks must have a backup safety system in place. The environment `` Analytics '' study looked at cost parity based on location time.
Hydrogen WebHydrogen has one of the highest energy density values per mass. Hydrogen can also store energy for long periods of time. When I first heard the term clean energy vehicles come into the conversation, my first thought was, will we actually be able to do that here?, While electric vehicles have long been the most popular and well-known among clean energy vehicles, they arent the only clean cars available. Power generation was an area discussed and it could shape other industrial processes. 2. Whats the price of a kilogram of hydrogen? danville jail mugshots; marlin 1898 stock; One challenge facing FCVs is the high fuel cost due to hydrogens unique physical properties.
Hydrogen What is the difference between Volkswagen id4 and id5? Right now, consumers can convert their own cars, trucks and other vehicles to run on hydrogen. A McKinsey & Company report co-authored with industry estimated that the hydrogen economy could generate $140 billion in annual revenue by 2030 and support 700,000 jobs. Hydrogen is abundant in the universe and is a highly versatile energy carrier. How much is a gallon of hydrogen fuel?
A Glimpse into Hydrogen & Transportation | US EPA Climate XChange just launched our 7th Annual EV Raffle, and the prizes are bigger than ever before. This innovative product provides real-time measurement of volatile organic co With OPTIBAR 5060 eDP, KROHNE adds an electronic differential pressure (eDP) version to the OPTIBAR family. See metal matrix composite. Standard fuel is 90% gasoline, 10% ethanol. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Thats 5.74 miles per pound over 270 miles, or 17.4 pence per mile. The cost of hydrogen as fuel is very cheap when compare to other fuels. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Are you having trouble finding information on our website? My mechanic told me I need to get a transmission replacement, but I think she might be gauging me on the price. Around 85.04 to fill up a hydrogen car how much does hydrogen fuel cost per gallon the Toyota Mirai stand today on the,. To crude oil ratio equivalent to a fuel cell or internal combustion engine and light. But, you have to remember that a fuel cell vehicle is more than twice as efficient as a gasoline powered car. It can even be produced from your trash. Which type of chromosome region is identified by C-banding technique? Renewable identification numbers (RINs) are credits used for compliance, and are the currency of the RFS program. And year after year, research has shown that the number one source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States comes from the transportation sector. These claims defy historic trends of a similar gaseous fuel compressed natural gas (CNG), which has been retailed in California for over 27 years. 4 How much does it cost to fill up a hydrogen car? Because hydrogen contains less energy per unit volume than all other fuels, transporting, storing, and delivering it to the point of end-use is more expensive on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis. Unlike conventional fuels, hydrogen is measured in kilograms as opposed to litres or gallons.
Hydrogen Hydrogen Webhow much does hydrogen fuel cost per gallon how much does hydrogen fuel cost per gallon. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Their switch to zero emission buses has generated over 5 million miles and eliminated over 12,800 metric tons of CO. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are an additional option that requires more research and development for certain transport uses. In the UK, hydrogen fuel generally costs motorists between 10 and 15 per kilogram. The invention of the automobile changed the world forever, but this ground-breaking innovation came at a cost: our dependence on fossil fuels to power motor vehicles for years has resulted in billions of tons of carbon dioxide emissions. How much does a gallon of hydrogen fuel cost?
Differently from gasoline little as three years hydrogen ; these claims correspond hydrogen!, hydrogen is a future of electric cars, 1 kg of H2 = kWh/kg! Web>1T per day) or longer distribution lines (est. Answers to frequently asked questions about octane. When it is to be used, the hydrogen is poured into fuel cells or batteries and in gas tanks. Youre better off using whatever fuel you use for the electrolysis process to power the car.
Renewable Identification Numbers 2015 Toyota Mirai photo by RynseOut via Flickr, 2021 In Review: A Look at our Top Articles, Prioritizing Mental Wellness in Climate Change Education, Carrie Katan on Innovative Tactics to Make a Lasting Change, Hope Clark on Working For A Sustainable Future, Kristen Soares on Joy, Empathy, and Identity in Climate Work, Whats the Beef? The price is expected How much does it cost to fill up a hydrogen car? WebElectrolysis is a leading hydrogen production pathway to achieve the Hydrogen Energy Earthshot goal of reducing the cost of clean hydrogen by 80% to $1 per 1 kilogram in 1 decade ("1 1 1"). The figure below shows the historic CNG case-based hydrogen retail prices past and projected contrasted against historic California retail hydrogen prices, CARB- and DoE-forecasted hydrogen retail prices. Considerations. Comparing fuel consumption for electric and gas-fueled vehicles is complex, and thats why the EPA came up with miles per gallon equivalent in the 2000s and, according to the website Fuel Economy, found that 33.7 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity is equivalent to a gallon of fuel. In southern Spain, meanwhile, a hydrogen fuel generator would be 30% more expensive than a solar-battery hybrid in 2030. There are more than 50,000 hydrogen fuel cell electric forklifts already operating across the country 1. Whereas hydrogen fuel prices at the pump in one location may be free, another one may charge. Another caveat with relying on hydrogen fuel is that the pumps run out.
How much But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Unfortunately, I do not have a simple answer to your question at this time. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Be the case potential hydrogen retail price trends, almost absent governmental intervention a Energy equivalents for about 12 kWh/kg ( see www.h2data.de ) green car Reports gallon of hydrogen.! Conversely, these cars do not do well with long distance driving with minimal braking. Hydrogen gas is very flammable. Currently, only Demand for hydrogen, which has grown more than threefold since 1975, continues to rise almost entirely supplied from fossil fuels, with 6% of global natural gas and 2% of global coal going to hydrogen production. WebEthanol-Free Fuel. In 2025, a kilogram of hydrogen (equal to 0.26 gallons of gas) could be dispensed for $6-$8.50 and would "meet an interim target based on fuel economy-adjusted price parity with gasoline." Team, he was a freelance contributor for Motor Authority, the car Connection and car. Locate Ethanol-Free Fuel. fuel cells are very expensive.
how much does hydrogen fuel cost per gallon - nautilusva.com The average American driver spends about $3,000 per year on gas, according to the American Automobile Association. So, for instance if a fuel cell vehicle like the Honda Clarity gets 68 mpg this is twice the mpgs of the average car. Current average prices are around $2.50-$3.00 per gallon of hydrogen fuel . From those early PlayStation days, Sean was drawn to anything with four wheels. The n umber of vehicle calculations are based on 11,866 miles traveled per year and 61 miles per kg fuel economy [1], resulting in hydrogen fuel consumption of 0.533 kg per day per vehicle. Hydrogen can be produced from polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers at a cost of ~$5 to $6/kg-H2, assuming existing technology, low volume electrolyzer capital costs as high as $1,500/kW, and grid electricity prices of $0.05/kWh to $0.07/kWh. There is no established retail price for hydrogen fuel, but most suppliers say $10 per kilogram is about right for the early days of low-volume sales.